Judge Rules NIH Decision-Making Process Lacks Diversity and Fairness
About the People Mentioned
Trump
Donald John Trump, born June 14, 1946, in Queens, New York, is an American businessman, media personality, and politician who has served as both the 45th and 47th President of the United States[1][3][5]. He is the only president since Grover Cleveland to be elected to two non-consecutive terms, winning the 2016 and 2024 elections and serving from 2017 to 2021, and again from 2025 onward[2][3][5]. Trump’s political rise marked a significant shift in American politics, as he positioned himself as a political outsider and won the Republican nomination in 2016, defeating Democrat Hillary Clinton in the general election[1][5][6]. He was re-elected in 2024, defeating Vice President Kamala Harris, with Ohio Senator JD Vance as his running mate[5]. Before entering politics, Trump was a prominent real estate developer, inheriting and expanding his family’s business into the Trump Organization, which includes hotels, casinos, golf courses, and branded products worldwide[1][3][6]. He gained broader fame as the host of the reality TV show *The Apprentice* from 2004 to 2015[1][5][6]. Trump has authored several books, including the best-selling *The Art of the Deal* (1987)[5][6]. During his first term, Trump pursued a conservative agenda, including significant tax cuts, deregulation, border security measures, and a hardline stance on immigration[1][4]. He appointed three Supreme Court justices and withdrew the U.S. from several international agreements, including the Paris Climate Accord and the Iran nuclear deal, while initiating a trade war with China[1]. His administration’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic was marked by mixed messaging and clashes with health officials[1]. Trump was impeached twice—in 2019 for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress, and in 2021 for incitement of insurrection following the January 6 Capitol attack; he was acquitted by the Senate both times[1]. After losing the 2020 election to Joe Biden, Trump’s refusal to concede and claims of election fraud culminated in the Capitol riot and ongoing legal challenges[1][3]. Trump’s return to the presidency in 2025, at age 78, makes him the oldest person ever inaugurated for a second term[2]. His current administration has pledged to continue his previous policies, emphasizing border security, economic growth, and a rejection of what he terms “extremist” policies from the political left[4]. Trump remains a polarizing figure, with a strong base of support and equally vocal opposition, and his influence on the Republican Party and American politics endures[2][3].
About the Organizations Mentioned
NIH
The **National Institutes of Health (NIH)** is the United States government’s premier agency for biomedical and public health research, operating under the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Founded in 1887 as a small Hygienic Laboratory, it has evolved into the largest biomedical research organization globally, with a budget of approximately $48 billion and a workforce of about 18,700 employees[2][4][6]. NIH’s mission is to seek fundamental knowledge about living systems and apply that knowledge to improve health, extend life, and reduce illness and disability[2][6]. NIH is composed of 27 specialized Institutes and Centers (ICOs), each focusing on specific diseases or bodily systems, such as cancer, heart disease, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and aging. Examples include the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. These ICOs conduct research internally and fund external research at universities, hospitals, and private organizations through grants, making NIH the largest single supporter of biomedical research in the U.S.[1][2][7] A hallmark achievement of NIH is the Human Genome Project (1990–2003), which produced the first complete sequence of human DNA, revolutionizing genetics and medicine[2]. NIH research has led to landmark discoveries such as fluoride’s role in preventing tooth decay, lithium’s use in managing bipolar disorder, and the development of vaccines for hepatitis, Haemophilus influenzae, and HPV, impacting public health worldwide[4]. NIH maintains the National Library of Medicine, a leading medical information resource, and supports international research through entities like the Fogarty International Center, which fosters global biomedical collaborations[1][3]. Its Intramural Research Program is the largest biomedical research institution worldwide, employing thousands of scientists for basic, translational, and clinical research[4]. In business and technology contexts, NIH’s pioneering use of computing and data science to manage vast biomedical data sets drives innovation in health technologies and personalize
