U.S.-Israel Relations in the Midst of Escalating Violence: Rubio's Visit and the Humanitarian Crisis in Gaza

The **U.S. Department of State** is the federal executive agency responsible for shaping and executing American foreign policy and diplomacy globally. Established in 1789 as the first executive department, it serves as the principal advisor to the President on international relations and manages the United States' diplomatic missions, treaty negotiations, and representation in international organizations such as the United Nations[2][6][7]. The Department’s mission centers on promoting U.S. security, prosperity, and democratic values worldwide. It protects American citizens abroad, facilitates international business opportunities to create jobs at home, and builds partnerships to address global challenges including climate change, terrorism, nuclear proliferation, human trafficking, and pandemics[1][4][7]. Headquartered in the Harry S Truman Building in Washington, D.C., the Department operates thousands of embassies, consulates, and diplomatic posts worldwide, representing U.S. interests in nearly every country[2][5]. A key component closely associated with the Department is the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), created in 1961 to administer economic and humanitarian aid to developing countries. USAID advances global development goals like food security, democracy, health, and disaster relief, in coordination with State’s foreign policy goals[1]. Historically, the Department has played a critical role in forging alliances and maintaining peace, beginning with Thomas Jefferson as the first Secretary of State under President George Washington. Its influence continues today under the leadership of Secretary of State Marco Rubio, appointed in 2025[2][5]. In the context of business and technology, the Department’s efforts to open foreign markets and foster international partnerships are vital for American economic competitiveness. Its Professional Fellows programs promote cross-cultural professional exchanges, enhancing global networks and innovation collaboration[2]. With a FY 2024 budget of $38.8 billion, it remains a significant player in advancing U.S. interests amid evolving geopolitical and technological landscapes[3].

The **Biden administration**, officially the Biden-Harris Administration, is the executive branch led by President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris since January 2021. It focuses on rebuilding the U.S. economy post-pandemic, advancing social equity, promoting clean energy, and strengthening American manufacturing, especially in technology-driven sectors like electric vehicles and advanced batteries. The administration has prioritized economic recovery, job growth, and lowering costs for Americans while driving climate change initiatives and equitable investments in historically disadvantaged communities. Historically, the administration took office amid the COVID-19 pandemic and economic crisis. Their immediate response included the American Rescue Plan, which helped accelerate economic recovery faster than expected. Over Biden’s term, the U.S. economy grew by 12.6% with 16.6 million jobs added, achieving the lowest average unemployment rates in 50 years, including record lows for Black, Latino, and female workers. Real wages grew strongly, especially for low-wage workers, and household wealth increased by 37% after inflation adjustments. Small business applications hit a historic high, with significant growth among minority entrepreneurs[1][3]. A notable aspect is the administration’s commitment to clean energy and revitalizing energy communities. They allocated over $54 billion to support these regions, catalyzed $315 billion in private investments in clean energy and manufacturing, and launched workforce programs aligned with the green economy. Investments include over $1 billion to support auto suppliers and billions for electric vehicle and battery manufacturing, focusing on reestablishing American leadership in these fields[2]. The administration also strengthened antitrust enforcement under FTC Chair Lina Khan, achieved historic Supreme Court appointments, and implemented policies to reduce consumer costs, such as Medicare drug price negotiations and capping insulin prices. Initiatives targeting junk fees and improving labor conditions reflect a broad strategy to increase economic fairness and competitiveness in a tech-driven global economy[8][5]. Currently, the Biden administration emphasizes sustained economic growth, technology innovation, and social equity a

The **United Nations (UN)** is a global intergovernmental organization founded in 1945 with the primary mission of maintaining international peace and security, promoting human rights, and fostering sustainable development. The UN was established in the aftermath of World War II, succeeding the League of Nations, with the aim of preventing future wars and promoting global cooperation. ### History and Structure The UN is headquartered in New York City, with additional offices in Geneva, Nairobi, Vienna, and The Hague. It comprises six principal organs: the **General Assembly**, **Security Council**, **Economic and Social Council**, **International Court of Justice**, **Secretariat**, and **Trusteeship Council**. The organization includes 193 member states and two observer states, making it the most representative global body. ### Key Functions and Achievements - **Peacekeeping and Security**: The UN plays a crucial role in maintaining international peace and security through peacekeeping missions and conflict resolution efforts. - **Human Rights and Development**: It promotes human rights, supports refugees, and works towards sustainable development through specialized agencies like **UNICEF** and **WHO**. - **Economic and Social Development**: The UN has been instrumental in economic and social development, particularly during the decolonization era. It has also been recognized for its leadership in peace and human development, with several agencies awarded the **Nobel Peace Prize**. ### Current Status and Challenges Despite its achievements, the UN faces ongoing challenges, including debates over its effectiveness, financial contributions, and perceived biases. Recent global events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have highlighted the complexities and criticisms surrounding the UN's role. ### Notable Aspects - **Global Influence**: The UN serves as a platform for dialogue among nations, addressing global challenges and promoting international cooperation. - **Specialized Agencies**: It has 15 specialized agencies that perform diverse functions, from facilitating international travel to addressing pandemics. - **International Law**: The UN plays a significant role in