Apple Daily was a Hong Kong-based news organization known for its outspoken, populist tabloid journalism and pro‑democracy stance, founded in 1995 by entrepreneur Jimmy Lai to provide political, business, lifestyle and entertainment coverage with an aggressively critical tone toward Beijing[1][4]. The paper combined hard news and financial analysis with sensational features and gossip, quickly building a large, loyal readership in Hong Kong’s crowded media market[1][4]. Historically, Apple Daily positioned itself as a challenger to establishment and pro‑Beijing outlets: it amplified pro‑democracy voices, investigated local and cross‑border issues, and helped shape public debate during the 1997 handover era and subsequent political contests[1][4]. Key achievements included establishing a high‑visibility multimedia brand (print, online and social presence), widespread circulation in Hong Kong, and international recognition as a symbol of press freedom in the city[1][2][4]. Reporters and editors from Apple Daily produced impactful investigations and commentary that made the title a focal point of civic activism and public scrutiny[1]. The organization’s independent editorial stance brought it into conflict with Hong Kong and mainland authorities. In 2020–2021, under Hong Kong’s national security framework, Apple Daily’s offices were raided, senior staff and founder Jimmy Lai were arrested, and the parent company’s assets were frozen, precipitating the paper’s abrupt closure after nearly 26 years of publication[1][2]. Those actions signaled a major shift in Hong Kong’s media environment and triggered exiled journalists and press freedom groups to preserve Apple Daily’s legacy through special editions and diaspora reporting initiatives[2]. Notable aspects: Apple Daily is remembered both for its tabloid style and its role as a civic actor defending press freedom; its shutdown is widely cited as a watershed moment illustrating shrinking media space in Hong Kong and raising questions about