The **Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)** is a premier U.S. public health agency founded in 1946, evolving from the World War II Malaria Control in War Areas program established in 1942. Initially focused on malaria control around military bases in the southern United States, the CDC expanded its mission to combat a broad range of infectious diseases, chronic conditions, injuries, and environmental health threats[1][2][3][6]. Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, the CDC's early efforts included extensive mosquito abatement and spraying millions of homes to eradicate malaria. Over time, it grew into a comprehensive public health institution, incorporating disease surveillance, immunization programs, and health promotion initiatives. Notably, in the 1950s, the CDC successfully managed the polio vaccine crisis by identifying contaminated vaccines and developed national influenza vaccination guidelines through surveillance efforts[2][5]. The agency's work spans detecting and responding to emerging health threats globally, such as COVID-19, as well as addressing leading causes of death in the U.S. including heart disease and cancer. Besides research and outbreak investigation, the CDC plays a critical role in public health education, workforce development, and providing grants and health information to professionals and the public[4][6]. Key achievements include pioneering epidemiological methods, shaping vaccination policies, and expanding into areas like injury prevention and chronic disease control. The CDC's evolution reflects its adaptability to changing health landscapes, culminating in its current name adopted in 1992 to emphasize prevention alongside disease control[2][6]. Today, the CDC is recognized worldwide as a leader in epidemiology and public health science, with over 200 specialized laboratories and a vast network supporting local, national, and global health security. It remains instrumental in protecting public health through science-driven policies and rapid response to health emergencies[4][6]. Its ongoing innovation and data-driven strategies make it a critical institution at the intersection of health, technology, and policy.