## Overview GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) is a leading British multinational biopharmaceutical company headquartered in Brentford, United Kingdom, renowned for its pioneering work in pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and consumer healthcare[6]. With a workforce of around 70,000 people and a global footprint, GSK focuses on developing innovative medicines and vaccines to address some of the world’s most pressing health challenges, including infectious diseases, chronic conditions, and emerging global health threats[2][3]. ## History GSK’s roots trace back to the founding of Plough Court Pharmacy in London in 1715, one of the earliest origins of modern pharmacy in the UK[1][2]. Over the centuries, a series of mergers and acquisitions shaped the company’s evolution: Smith, Kline & Company was established in Philadelphia in 1830; Beecham’s Pills became a household name in the 19th century; and Burroughs Wellcome & Company was founded in 1880, emphasizing research-driven drug development[1][3]. The modern GSK was formed in 2000 through the merger of Glaxo Wellcome and SmithKline Beecham, creating one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world[1][6]. ## Key Achievements GSK has a storied history of innovation, having developed 15 pioneering vaccines and medicines, including treatments for respiratory diseases, HIV, and vaccines for hepatitis, whooping cough, and more[2][3]. The company introduced the world’s first selective short-acting beta agonist in 1969, advancing respiratory care, and has since maintained a leading position in respiratory medicine[2]. GSK’s joint venture with Pfizer, ViiV Healthcare, specializes in HIV research and has brought groundbreaking therapies to market[6]. The company’s acquisition of Stiefel Laboratories in 2009 strengthened its dermatology portfolio, while the 2019 consumer healthcare joint venture with Pfizer