## Overview The Israel Defense Forces (IDF), known in Hebrew as Tzva haHagana leYisra'el (צבא ההגנה לישראל), is the unified military of the State of Israel, encompassing its army, navy, and air force[1][2]. Established in May 1948, just weeks after Israel’s declaration of independence, the IDF was formed from the pre-state paramilitary organization Haganah, with additional manpower from Holocaust survivors and World War II veterans[1][4]. Its creation was a direct response to immediate threats from neighboring Arab states, who invaded Israel following its independence[4]. ## Mission and Operations The IDF’s primary mission is to defend the State of Israel and its citizens against all threats, both external and internal[3]. It operates under a doctrine that emphasizes rapid mobilization, overwhelming force, and technological superiority, given Israel’s small size and the need to deter numerically superior adversaries[1]. The IDF is known for its advanced intelligence capabilities, missile defense systems, and a highly trained reserve force that complements its active-duty personnel[1]. Beyond conventional defense, the IDF also engages in counterterrorism operations against groups such as Hamas, Hezbollah, and Islamic Jihad, and has a history of providing humanitarian aid internationally during crises[3]. ## Organization and Structure The IDF is led by a single General Staff, with the Chief of Staff (Rav Aluf) reporting to the Defense Minister and, indirectly, to the Prime Minister and cabinet[2]. Service in the IDF is compulsory for most Israeli citizens, fostering a “people’s army” ethos that brings together individuals from diverse backgrounds[1][3]. The military includes specialized units like the Nahal Brigade, Kfir Brigade, Combat Engineering Corps, and Paratroopers, each with distinct roles in Israel’s defense strategy[1]. ## Historical Achievements The IDF’s early history is marked by it