## Overview Novo Nordisk is a global healthcare leader headquartered in Denmark, renowned for its pioneering work in diabetes care and its expanding portfolio in obesity, rare diseases, and cardiovascular treatments[1][7]. Founded in 1923, the company today employs over 78,000 people across 80 countries, serving more than 45 million people worldwide with its medicines[1][7]. Novo Nordisk’s mission is to drive change to defeat serious chronic diseases, building on a century of innovation in protein-based therapies[1][6]. ## History and Origins The story of Novo Nordisk began with the discovery of insulin in 1921. Danish Nobel laureate August Krogh, inspired by his wife’s diabetes diagnosis, secured rights to produce insulin in Denmark, leading to the establishment of Nordisk Insulinlaboratorium in 1923[2][3]. Competition soon arose when the Pedersen brothers, former employees, founded Novo Terapeutisk Laboratorium in 1925[2]. For decades, these two companies competed fiercely, both contributing significantly to diabetes care and medical research. In 1989, they merged to form Novo Nordisk A/S, creating one of the world’s largest and most successful pharmaceutical manufacturers[2][4]. ## Key Achievements Novo Nordisk has been at the forefront of diabetes treatment innovation, developing advanced insulin formulations and delivery systems that have transformed patient care[2][5]. Beyond diabetes, the company has expanded into obesity therapies, rare blood disorders, and cardiovascular disease, consistently investing heavily in research and development—over 52 billion DKK in 2024 alone[1]. Its products are now used by millions globally, and the company maintains a robust pipeline of new therapies. ## Current Status As of 2024, Novo Nordisk reported net sales of 290.4 billion DKK and a net profit of 100.1 billion DKK, reflecting strong global demand, particularly for it