Hassan Rouhani, born Hassan Feridon on November 12, 1948, in Sorkheh, Iran, is a prominent Iranian politician, cleric, lawyer, and diplomat. He served as the President of Iran from 2013 to 2021. Rouhani's political career spans several decades, beginning after the 1979 Iranian Revolution, during which he was an active supporter of Ayatollah Khomeini and opposed the Shah's regime. He studied Islamic jurisprudence in Qom and earned a law degree from the University of Tehran in 1972. Rouhani held multiple significant roles in Iranian politics and security institutions. He was a long-time member of the Iranian Parliament (Majlis), serving five terms and acting as deputy speaker during two terms. From 1989 to 2005, he was Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council (SNSC), where he was also Iran's chief nuclear negotiator, leading talks with European powers regarding Iran's nuclear program. He is noted for his pragmatic and moderate approach and played a key role in the negotiation of the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), an international agreement limiting Iran’s nuclear activities. Before his presidency, Rouhani also served as national security advisor to Presidents Rafsanjani and Khatami, was a member of the Expediency Council and the Assembly of Experts, and headed the Center for Strategic Research. During the Iran-Iraq war, he held military command roles including deputy commander of the armed forces and commander of the air defense. His presidency focused on attempts to improve Iran’s economy, civil rights, and relations with the West, though his moderate reforms faced resistance from hardliners. Since leaving office in 2021, Rouhani remains a notable figure within Iran’s political establishment, though the hardline shift in Iranian politics after 2018 diminished his influence, especially following the U.S. withdrawal from the nuclear deal he helped broker[1][2][3][4][5][6].