Pennywise is a prominent American punk rock band formed in 1988 in Hermosa Beach, California, a region with a rich punk tradition[1][3]. The founding members were Jim Lindberg (vocals), Fletcher Dragge (guitar), Byron McMackin (drums), and Jason Thirsk (bass)[3]. The band’s name is inspired by the infamous clown from Stephen King’s novel It[3][7]. Pennywise quickly became known for their energetic live shows and a melodic, high-energy sound that blends classic punk, surf punk, and hardcore influences[1]. Since their self-titled debut in 1991, Pennywise has released twelve studio albums, including notable works like Unknown Road (1993), About Time (1995), Full Circle (1997), Straight Ahead (1999), and Land of the Free? (2001)[1][2]. Their 1995 album About Time marked a breakthrough in mainstream success, charting on the Billboard 200 and helping the band become a staple of the 1990s punk revival alongside acts like NOFX, Rancid, Blink-182, and Green Day[3][7]. By 2007, Pennywise had independently sold over three million records worldwide, solidifying their status as one of the most successful independent punk bands[3][7]. Thematically, Pennywise’s music often addresses issues of personal empowerment, social justice, and self-reliance, with lyrics influenced by American transcendentalist philosophy, especially after the death of original bassist Jason Thirsk in 1996[1][2]. The band’s anthems, such as “Fuck Authority,” “Alien,” and “Bro Hymn,” have become punk classics, with “Bro Hymn” serving as a tribute to lost friends and a rallying cry at concerts[1]. Pennywise has experienced lineup changes, most notably with Randy Bradbury replacing Thirsk on bass in 1996, and a temporary departure of Lindberg between 2009 and 2012, during which Zoli Téglás of Ignite took over vocals[3]. The band reunited with Lindberg for their 2012 album All or Nothing and continued recording and touring, releasing Never Gonna Die in 2018—their first album with the original lineup in over a decade[1][2]. Pennywise remains active, regularly performing at festivals and maintaining a loyal international fanbase. Their influence endures in punk circles, both for their musical output and their advocacy for independent artistry and positive mental attitude[1][3]. Recent years have seen the band continue to release new music and tour, affirming their relevance in the contemporary punk scene[1].