The **Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)** is a United Nations body established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) to provide governments worldwide with authoritative, science-based information on climate change to guide policy decisions[1][2][3]. It is composed of 195 member countries and operates through a secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland hosted by the WMO[1][3]. The IPCC does not conduct original research; instead, it synthesizes and assesses the vast body of peer-reviewed scientific literature on climate change, including its physical science basis, socio-economic impacts, risks, and mitigation and adaptation strategies. Thousands of volunteer scientists from member countries participate in this rigorous, transparent process, producing comprehensive Assessment Reports approximately every six to seven years. These reports undergo multiple rounds of expert and governmental review, making the IPCC’s work the largest peer-review process in the scientific community[1][2][3][4]. Since its first Assessment Report in 1990, the IPCC has played a critical role in building global scientific consensus on climate change, its impacts, and policy options, influencing international climate negotiations such as under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement. In recognition of its contribution to raising awareness and understanding of climate risks, the IPCC was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007[1][5]. Currently in its sixth assessment cycle, concluded with a synthesis report in 2023, the IPCC continues to provide up-to-date, robust scientific evidence essential for governments and businesses to develop effective climate policies and innovations. Its reports also guide major research funding and global climate strategies, including those by the European Union and other stakeholders in business and technology sectors[2][5][6]. Notably, the IPCC’s consensus-driven approach sometimes faces criticism from various perspectives, but it remains the most trusted and comprehensive source of climate science globally, vital