Java is not an organization but a **programming language** initially developed by the technology company **Sun Microsystems** in the early 1990s. Its creation was led by James Gosling, along with Mike Sheridan and Patrick Naughton, who formed the "Green Team" to build a language originally intended for digital devices like TVs and set-top boxes. However, the focus shifted to internet programming, and after a couple of renamings—from Greentalk to Oak, and finally to Java in 1995—the language was publicly released in 1996[1][2][3][5]. Sun Microsystems positioned Java as a revolutionary platform with the **"write once, run anywhere" (WORA)** capability, meaning Java programs could run on any device with a compatible Java Virtual Machine (JVM), independent of hardware or operating system. This portability, combined with built-in security features and relatively high performance, made Java a powerful tool for web applications, enterprise systems, and later mobile applications[2]. Java’s syntax was designed to be familiar to programmers accustomed to C and C++, but with a simpler, object-oriented approach[2]. Key milestones in Java’s history include the integration of Java applets into major web browsers in the mid-1990s, which brought dynamic content to the web, and the release of Java 2 (J2SE, J2EE, J2ME) in the late 1990s, which expanded Java's reach into desktop, enterprise, and mobile environments. In 2006, Sun rebranded these editions as Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME, respectively[2]. Sun Microsystems was later acquired by Oracle Corporation in 2010, which currently oversees Java’s development and ecosystem. Java remains one of the most widely used programming languages globally, powering countless enterprise systems, Android apps, and large-scale web applications. Its robustness, security, and portability continue to make it a mainstay in business and technolog