## Overview The **Federal Trade Commission (FTC)** is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government tasked with safeguarding consumers and promoting fair competition across the American economy[2][3]. Established in 1914 by the Federal Trade Commission Act—a direct response to the monopolistic "trusts" of the late 19th century—the FTC operates as a civil law enforcement body, not a criminal one, and shares antitrust enforcement authority with the Department of Justice[3]. Its headquarters are in Washington, D.C.[3]. ## Mission and Functions The FTC’s core mission is twofold: to protect consumers from deceptive, unfair, or fraudulent business practices, and to prevent anticompetitive behavior that could stifle innovation, raise prices, or limit choices[1][6]. The agency enforces a broad array of laws, including the FTC Act (especially Section 5, which bars unfair or deceptive acts), the Clayton Act, and more than 70 other statutes covering areas like telemarketing, credit reporting, and privacy[1][4]. Its activities include law enforcement, rulemaking, research, consumer and business education, and advocacy at the legislative and policy levels[5][6]. The FTC is led by five commissioners, appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for seven-year terms, with no more than three from the same political party[2][3]. The President designates one as Chair; since January 2025, Commissioner Andrew N. Ferguson has served in this role[3]. ## Key Achievements and Notable Aspects Over its century-long history, the FTC has been instrumental in breaking up monopolies, halting deceptive advertising, and protecting consumer privacy. It played a central role in landmark antitrust cases and has adapted to new challenges, such as regulating emerging technologies and online commerce. For instance, in 2021, the FTC’s intervention led Nvidia to abandon its proposed $40 billion acquisition of Arm