The **Knesset** is the unicameral national legislature of Israel, serving as the supreme legislative authority of the state. It is composed of **120 members** elected every four years through a proportional representation system, where the entire country functions as a single electoral district. This system allows even small political parties to gain representation, making coalition governments a typical feature of Israeli politics[1][2]. Established in 1949 as the successor to the Constituent Assembly that ratified Israel's Transition Law, the Knesset is located in Jerusalem. It has no formal written constitution but operates under a series of Basic Laws that function as constitutional principles, including laws on the Knesset itself, the presidency, and government structure[2][4]. The Knesset's primary functions include **passing all laws, electing the president and prime minister, approving the cabinet, supervising government actions, and appointing key officials** such as the state comptroller. It exercises oversight through standing committees—12 in total—that scrutinize legislation and government performance in areas such as finance, defense, education, and justice. These committees hold hearings, call ministers for explanations, and shape legislation before it is voted on in the plenary[1][4][5]. Notably, the Knesset has the power to dissolve itself or the government via a constructive vote of no confidence, ensuring a dynamic balance between legislative and executive branches. The government, headed by the prime minister, generally controls the Knesset through coalition majorities, reflecting a parliamentary system where legislative and executive powers are closely linked[3]. Key historical achievements include Israel's early legislative formation, establishment of democratic governance, and continuous adaptation of laws in a complex, pluralistic society. Its evolving role reflects Israel’s political diversity and the challenges of maintaining stable governance amid multiple parties and societal divisions[2][4]. For business and technology observers, the Knesset shapes the regulatory environment affecting innovation, economic policy, and international relations