The **National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)** is a U.S. federal agency under the Department of Transportation dedicated to reducing deaths, injuries, and economic costs resulting from motor vehicle crashes. Established to enforce and develop safety standards, NHTSA writes and enforces the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS), which regulate vehicle safety features, theft resistance, and fuel economy as part of the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) program[1][2]. Since its inception with FMVSS 209 in 1967, NHTSA has played a crucial role in licensing vehicle manufacturers and importers, regulating vehicle imports and safety-related parts, and administering the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) system. It also develops crash test dummies and protocols used for safety testing, enabling rigorous evaluation of vehicle crashworthiness and occupant protection[1]. The agency’s authority extends to investigating safety defects, overseeing vehicle recalls, and enforcing fuel economy standards[3][7]. NHTSA’s mission focuses on saving lives through a multifaceted approach that combines education, research, safety standards, and enforcement. It provides consumer tools such as 5-Star Safety Ratings to guide vehicle purchases, recall check systems, and road safety tips. The agency actively supports state and local law enforcement in enforcing traffic laws and promotes the use of safety technologies like seat belts, child safety seats, and airbags[2][3][7]. Research is a cornerstone of NHTSA’s work, including studies on crash avoidance, human injury mechanisms, risky driving behaviors, and emerging vehicle technologies such as alternative fuel vehicles. The agency collaborates with other government bodies, industry, and safety advocates to accelerate the introduction of advanced safety technologies into the vehicle fleet[6]. Currently, NHTSA continues to lead in traffic safety innovation and enforcement, administering substantial grant programs to states for highway safety initiatives. It remains a vital force in improving U.S. road safety through regulatory leadership, scientific research, and public engagemen