European Countries Push for Palestinian Statehood, Adding Pressure on US

France is a leading global economic and political entity rather than a conventional organization. It is a semi-presidential republic with Paris as its capital and largest economic and cultural center[2]. Economically, France ranks as the world’s ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity and the second largest in the EU, maintaining a diversified and robust industrial and service sector. It is a major manufacturing hub in Europe, the third largest after Germany and Italy, and a top agricultural producer within the EU[2]. Historically, France has been a major player in international affairs as a founding member of the European Union, OECD, G7, and G20, reflecting its enduring influence in both global governance and economic policy[2]. Its economy features significant government involvement and a social market structure that balances free market capitalism with social welfare policies[2]. France also ranks highly on innovation indexes, placing 12th globally in 2024, reflecting strong investments in education, research, and technology[2][5]. Key achievements include substantial progress toward environmental sustainability. Since 1990, France has reduced its greenhouse gas emissions by 35%, aligning with the Paris Agreement goals. It leads in ecological protection, notably in its vast maritime zones and overseas territories[1]. The country is actively transforming its economy by promoting renewable energy, electrification of transport, and sustainable food consumption to meet ambitious climate targets by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050[1]. Currently, France’s economy is experiencing moderate growth, with a projected GDP increase around 0.7-0.8% in 2025 amid fiscal adjustments and global uncertainties. Private investment is subdued but expected to recover by 2026, driven by easing monetary policy and stronger domestic demand[3][4][6]. The government is focused on reforms to stimulate digital innovation, simplify regulations, and enhance investment, especially in innovative small and medium enterprises[6]. Notable aspects include France’s highly educated workforce, world-class universities, and strong research institution

## Overview Germany is not an “organization” in the traditional sense but a sovereign nation and the largest economy in Europe, recognized globally for its advanced industrial base, technological innovation, and robust social market economy[1][4]. It operates as a federal parliamentary republic with a strong emphasis on democratic governance, civil liberties, and a vibrant civil society[7]. Germany is a founding member of the European Union and the eurozone, and its economic and political influence extends well beyond its borders[1]. ## History Modern Germany emerged from the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990. Since then, it has transformed into a global economic powerhouse, leveraging its manufacturing prowess, engineering expertise, and commitment to research and development. In the late 1990s, Germany was dubbed the “sick man of Europe” due to economic stagnation, but sweeping labor market reforms in the early 2000s revitalized its competitiveness and growth[5]. ## Key Activities and Achievements Germany’s economy is highly diversified, with a focus on advanced manufacturing (notably automotive, machinery, chemicals, and electronics), a dominant services sector, and a strong tradition of applied research that bridges academia and industry[1][4]. The country is the world’s third-largest exporter, with exports accounting for over half of its national output[1]. It is home to globally recognized brands, world-leading trade fairs, and a dense network of Mittelstand—small and medium-sized enterprises that are the backbone of its economy[2]. Notable achievements include maintaining a consistent trade surplus, pioneering renewable energy technologies, and developing one of the most efficient social security systems in the OECD, which accounts for about 25% of GDP[1]. Germany has also played a central role in European integration, serving as a key architect of EU policies and the euro currency[1]. ## Current Status As of 2025, Germany’s economy is expected to grow by only 0.2–0

Saudi Arabia is a unitary absolute monarchy governed by the Al Saud royal family, with King Salman as the head of state and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman holding significant executive power, including serving as Prime Minister since 2022[1][3][8]. The country’s governance structure is based on Islamic law (Sharia), with the Quran considered the constitution, and royal decrees shaping legislation[2]. The King oversees the Council of Ministers, which manages executive functions such as foreign policy, defense, finance, and education[1][2]. Historically, Saudi Arabia was founded by King Abdulaziz Al Saud in the early 20th century, uniting disparate tribes and regions under a single kingdom. Succession traditionally stays within the family, selected by consensus or the Allegiance Council[3]. The kingdom’s political system blends tribal traditions with religious authority, closely aligning with Wahhabi religious leaders for social and political control[3]. Economically, Saudi Arabia is known for its vast oil reserves, with Saudi Aramco being the world’s largest oil company. In recent years, the kingdom has embarked on ambitious reforms under Vision 2030, a strategic plan to diversify its economy beyond oil, attract foreign investment, and develop sectors like tourism and technology[4]. Vision 2030 promotes privatization, corporate governance improvements, and mega-projects such as NEOM, a futuristic economic zone[4]. The Public Investment Fund (PIF), chaired by the Crown Prince, plays a key role in these initiatives by investing domestically and internationally, although it has faced criticism related to human rights concerns and controversial development practices[6]. Saudi Arabia’s legal and business environment is evolving, with reforms in corporate governance and increasing inclusion of women in leadership roles[2][4]. The government permits full foreign ownership in most sectors except strategic ones like oil exploration[9]. Despite economic modernization, the kingdom remains an absolute monarchy with limited political freedoms and human rights challenges[7]. This comple