Governor Pritzker Addresses Possible National Guard Deployment in Chicago

## Overview The National Guard is a unique component of the United States Armed Forces, serving as both a state and federal military reserve. It is divided into the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard, each functioning as the primary combat reserve for the U.S. Army and Air Force, respectively[1][5]. Unlike other military reserves, the National Guard can be activated by state governors for domestic emergencies—such as natural disasters, civil unrest, or public health crises—while also being deployable overseas by the president during national emergencies or conflicts[1][2]. This dual role makes it a critical bridge between civilian life and military service, with most members serving part-time while maintaining civilian careers or education[1][7]. ## History The National Guard traces its origins to 1636 in Salem, Massachusetts, making it the oldest military organization in the U.S.[4][6]. Initially formed as local militias for community defense, it evolved into a structured reserve force integral to every major U.S. conflict since the nation’s founding[6]. The modern National Guard was formally established by the Militia Act of 1903, which standardized training and equipment across states and created a federal role for the Guard[4]. ## Key Achievements The National Guard has been pivotal in both domestic and international crises. Domestically, Guard units have responded to hurricanes, wildfires, the COVID-19 pandemic, and civil disturbances, providing essential support to local authorities[2][6]. Internationally, Guard units have deployed to conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq, and the Balkans, as well as peacekeeping and training missions worldwide[2][5]. The Guard’s State Partnership Program also fosters military cooperation with over 100 nations, enhancing global security partnerships[5]. ## Current Status and Notable Aspects Today, the National Guard comprises approximately 430,000 members across all 50 states, Washington, D.C., and U.S. territories[1][6]. It is overs

## Overview and Mission The Chicago Police Department (CPD) is one of the oldest municipal police forces in the United States, established in 1835 with the election of Orsemus Morrison as the city’s first constable[1][2][7]. Its core mission is to protect life and property, enforce laws, and maintain order in Chicago—a city with a population of nearly 3 million and a complex urban landscape. The department operates under the jurisdiction of the City of Chicago and is overseen by a superintendent appointed by the mayor. ## Historical Development CPD’s early years were marked by rapid expansion and organizational change. In 1855, the department underwent a major reorganization under Chief Cyrus P. Bradley, who introduced 24-hour patrols, increased the force size, and divided the city into three police precincts—each with its own station house[1][2][3]. Uniforms were adopted in 1858, and the first detective division was established in 1860[3]. The department’s structure and practices were heavily influenced by local politics, with officers often appointed based on political connections until civil service reforms in 1895 introduced merit-based hiring[2][4]. The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw technological innovations such as the first patrol wagon (1881), motorized vehicles (1908), and early experiments with radio communications in the 1920s[3]. CPD was also among the first to employ women (as matrons in 1885 and policewomen in 1913) and African American officers (1872), though both groups faced significant restrictions initially[4][5]. ## Key Achievements and Innovations CPD has a long history of adapting to the challenges of a growing, diverse city. It played a pivotal role in responding to labor unrest, organized crime, and civil rights movements throughout the 20th century[8]. The department has also been a testing ground for