Remembering David Gergen: A Consummate Political Insider

**CNN (Cable News Network)** is a pioneering 24-hour cable news channel founded by media mogul Ted Turner and launched on June 1, 1980. It revolutionized television news by providing continuous, live news coverage worldwide, breaking from the traditional scheduled news broadcasts prevalent at the time[1][3][4][5]. CNN's headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia, where it remains a major hub for news production. **History and Growth:** CNN was born from Ted Turner’s vision to create the first all-news channel, despite skepticism from industry professionals. Starting with a modest team and resources, it grew rapidly, expanding its reach through cable, satellite, and digital platforms. In 1982, CNN introduced CNN2 (later HLN), the first news channel to use a "wheel" schedule, and in 1985 launched CNN International to serve global audiences[1][4][6]. The network gained significant prominence during events like the 1991 Persian Gulf War, offering real-time battlefield coverage that established CNN as a trusted news source[3][6]. CNN’s website, CNN.com, launched in 1995, was among the first major news websites, marking its early embrace of digital news delivery[6]. **Ownership and Business Evolution:** In 1996, CNN became part of Time Warner (later WarnerMedia), and subsequently Warner Bros. Discovery, reflecting its integration into a major media conglomerate[1][2][6]. The network has adapted to changing media landscapes, including cost-cutting measures announced in 2022 but maintaining a commitment to longform and investigative content[1]. **Key Achievements:** CNN is credited with shaping modern journalism through its live, around-the-clock news coverage and global bureaus. It has earned numerous awards for its reporting and has influenced the creation of similar 24-hour news channels. Its notable anchors and correspondents, such as Bernard Shaw and Christiane Amanpour, have contributed to its authoritative reputation[1]

## Overview The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is a non-profit public television network in the United States, renowned for its educational, cultural, and news programming. PBS operates as a consortium of member stations, providing high-quality content free from commercial interruptions, with a mission to inform, educate, and inspire the American public[2][5]. ## History PBS was established on November 3, 1969, by a group of broadcasters and educators, including Hartford N. Gunn Jr., John Macy, James Day, and Kenneth A. Christiansen, following recommendations from the Carnegie Commission on Public Television[2][1]. It officially launched operations on October 5, 1970, succeeding the National Educational Television (NET) network[1][2]. The creation of PBS was a response to the growing demand for a federally supported public television system that could coordinate funding and distribute programming nationally[1][2]. ## What PBS Does PBS’s primary function is to distribute programming to its member stations across the country. Its content spans children’s education (e.g., *Sesame Street*, *Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood*), drama (*Masterpiece Theatre*), science (*NOVA*), news and public affairs (*PBS NewsHour*), documentaries (including those by Ken Burns), and cultural programs (*Live from Lincoln Center*)[1][3][5]. PBS is also known for its commitment to diversity, inclusion, and addressing social issues through its programming[1]. ## Key Achievements PBS has been instrumental in transforming American television by pioneering educational and cultural programming. Its children’s shows, such as *Sesame Street*, have won numerous awards and are credited with advancing early childhood education[1][3]. The network’s coverage of major national events, like the Watergate hearings, demonstrated its capacity for in-depth, public service journalism[2]. PBS has also introduced American audiences to acclaimed international content, including