Trump's First Visit to the Middle East
About the People Mentioned
Donald Trump
Donald John Trump, born June 14, 1946, in Queens, New York, is an American businessman, media personality, and politician. He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School in 1968 with a degree in economics. In 1971, he took over his family’s real estate business, renaming it the Trump Organization, through which he expanded into building and managing skyscrapers, hotels, casinos, and golf courses. Trump gained widespread fame as the host of the reality TV show *The Apprentice* from 2004 to 2015, which helped establish his public persona as a successful entrepreneur. Trump entered politics as a Republican and was elected the 45th president of the United States, serving from 2017 to 2021. His presidency was marked by significant policy actions including tax cuts, deregulation, the appointment of three Supreme Court justices, renegotiation of trade agreements (notably replacing NAFTA with the USMCA), and a focus on immigration control including border wall expansion. He withdrew the U.S. from international agreements such as the Paris Climate Accord and the Iran nuclear deal, and engaged in a trade war with China. His administration’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic was criticized for downplaying the virus’s severity. Trump was impeached twice by the House of Representatives—first in 2019 for abuse of power and obstruction, and again in 2021 for incitement of insurrection—but was acquitted by the Senate both times. After losing the 2020 election to Joe Biden, Trump challenged the results, culminating in the January 6, 2021, Capitol riot. He remains a central figure in American politics, having won the 2024 presidential election and returned as the 47th president in 2025, continuing to promote policies aimed at economic growth, border security, and military strength[1][2][3][4].
About the Organizations Mentioned
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is a unitary absolute monarchy governed by the Al Saud royal family, with King Salman as the head of state and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman holding significant executive power, including serving as Prime Minister since 2022[1][3][8]. The country’s governance structure is based on Islamic law (Sharia), with the Quran considered the constitution, and royal decrees shaping legislation[2]. The King oversees the Council of Ministers, which manages executive functions such as foreign policy, defense, finance, and education[1][2]. Historically, Saudi Arabia was founded by King Abdulaziz Al Saud in the early 20th century, uniting disparate tribes and regions under a single kingdom. Succession traditionally stays within the family, selected by consensus or the Allegiance Council[3]. The kingdom’s political system blends tribal traditions with religious authority, closely aligning with Wahhabi religious leaders for social and political control[3]. Economically, Saudi Arabia is known for its vast oil reserves, with Saudi Aramco being the world’s largest oil company. In recent years, the kingdom has embarked on ambitious reforms under Vision 2030, a strategic plan to diversify its economy beyond oil, attract foreign investment, and develop sectors like tourism and technology[4]. Vision 2030 promotes privatization, corporate governance improvements, and mega-projects such as NEOM, a futuristic economic zone[4]. The Public Investment Fund (PIF), chaired by the Crown Prince, plays a key role in these initiatives by investing domestically and internationally, although it has faced criticism related to human rights concerns and controversial development practices[6]. Saudi Arabia’s legal and business environment is evolving, with reforms in corporate governance and increasing inclusion of women in leadership roles[2][4]. The government permits full foreign ownership in most sectors except strategic ones like oil exploration[9]. Despite economic modernization, the kingdom remains an absolute monarchy with limited political freedoms and human rights challenges[7]. This comple
