Ford's $2B Investment in Electric Vehicles

## Overview Ford Motor Company is a global automotive industry leader, recognized as the second-largest automaker in the United States (after General Motors) and the sixth-largest worldwide[1]. Headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, Ford designs, manufactures, markets, and services a full line of vehicles—including cars, trucks, SUVs, electrified vehicles, and luxury vehicles under the Lincoln brand[1]. The company operates in every major automotive market and is renowned for its innovation, manufacturing scale, and iconic brands. ## History and Key Achievements Founded in 1903 by Henry Ford, the company revolutionized the automotive industry with the introduction of the Model T in 1908, making cars affordable for the masses through assembly line production. This innovation not only transformed Ford but also set a new standard for industrial manufacturing worldwide. Over more than a century, Ford has introduced several landmark vehicles, such as the F-Series trucks—America’s best-selling vehicle for over four decades—and the Mustang, an enduring symbol of American automotive culture[1]. ## Current Status As of 2025, Ford continues to demonstrate strong financial performance, with revenues of $185 billion and net profits of $5.9 billion in 2024[1]. The company is led by CEO Jim Farley, who has prioritized both electrification and quality improvements since taking the helm in 2020[1]. Ford’s vehicle lineup remains robust, with the F-Series leading U.S. truck sales and electrified vehicles accounting for nearly 16% of its U.S. sales in the third quarter of 2025[3]. The company is aggressively investing in electric vehicles (EVs), committing $5 billion to develop a family of affordable, adaptable EVs and building a new battery plant in Michigan[2]. ## Notable Aspects and Challenges Ford is currently at a pivotal moment in its history. It is reinventing its manufacturing system to produce next-generation EVs, aiming to secure American jobs

Tesla, Inc. is a pioneering American electric vehicle (EV) and clean energy company headquartered in Texas, with a mission to accelerate the world’s transition to sustainable energy[1]. Founded in 2003 by engineers Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning, and later joined by Elon Musk, who became the company’s driving force and public face, Tesla has grown from a niche startup into a global leader in EVs, energy storage, and solar technology[1]. ## What Tesla Does Tesla designs, manufactures, and sells high-performance electric vehicles, including the Model S, Model 3, Model X, Model Y, Cybertruck, and the upcoming affordable model[4]. Beyond automobiles, Tesla produces large-scale battery storage systems (Powerwall, Powerpack, Megapack) and solar energy products (Solar Roof, Solar Panels), aiming to create a fully integrated sustainable energy ecosystem[1]. The company operates six massive, vertically integrated factories across three continents, employing over 100,000 people who handle everything from design to service in-house[1]. ## History and Key Achievements Tesla’s breakthrough came with the 2008 launch of the Roadster, the first highway-legal all-electric sports car. The company then disrupted the auto industry with the Model S sedan (2012), which set new standards for EV range and performance. The Model 3, introduced in 2017, became the world’s best-selling electric car, proving that EVs could be both desirable and mass-market[1]. Tesla’s Gigafactories, sprawling production facilities, have enabled rapid scaling and cost reductions, while its proprietary Supercharger network has addressed range anxiety for drivers. ## Current Status and Notable Aspects In 2025, Tesla continues to dominate the EV market, producing over 447,000 vehicles and delivering nearly 497,000 in Q3 alone[5]. The company has avoided over 20 million metric tons of CO₂